Carbureter.



R. E. KRAUSE. GABBURBTER.

APPLIoA'rIoN Hum Nov. 1s,v 190e.-

1,113`,221. Patented 0@1;.13,1914.

Q 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Z wml @wang 11.3. KRAUSB.

CARBURETER. APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 19, lso.

wm s. Sm n 1gb fd m #bum /wr H o@ d .mi Ms s ma m 7m 1. uw@ J 2 s 2., Mw 1 .T all whom it may concern UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroE.

. RICHARD E. xRAUsE, or CLEVELAND, oHIo, AssIGNo'R To THE KEAUSE CARBURETOR COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, oHIo, A CoEPoEATIoN oF CHIC.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

Application led November 19, 1909. Serial No. 528,856.

Be it known that I, RICHARD E. KRAUSE, a subject of the King of Sweden,l resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have'invented a new and useful 'Improvement in Carbureters for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best modein which I have contemplated applying that` principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventlons.

My invention relates to carbureters for controlling the supply of explosive mixtures to internal combustion engines, its obJect being to provide a device of this character which Will supply such mixture to the engine 'so as to produce the highest efiiciency and economy of operation of the latter.

In order to produce 'such efficiency, the first requirement is to get from the carbureting chamber of the carbureter an explosive mixture of a certain predetermined character as regards the proportions of fuel and air,'and then to maintain this character of mixture independently of the varyingy conditions of speedand load toy which the moving parts of the engine are subjected. lIhe character of suchmixture is determined by the relation of the area of the discharge opening of the fuel nozzle to the area of the air inletsurrounding such nozzle. I he area of the air inlet is a factor in vdetermining the velocity of the air entering the carbureting chamber, and the velocity of such air, taken in combination with the area of the discharge opening of the nozzle, determines the amount of fuel discharged from such nozzle, determines the proportion of air to fuel in the mixture, and therefore deter.- mines the richness of the mixture. As is Well known, this air velocity and hence the4 richness of the mixture may vary within certain predetermined definite limits Without substantiallyafiecting the economical result in the operation of the engine. 'Ihe character of the mixture must, however, be maintained within these definite limits, in order to effect such economy, and this result can only be obtained by maintaining a definite relationship between the area of discharge from the carbureting chamber'and the area of the outlet opening` of the carbureter, as determined by the throttle valve. It will therefore be seen that it is necessary, in

order to produce this result, to maintain a predetermined difference of' pressure upon opposite sides of the point of discharge from the carbureting chamber. To meet this requirement, therefore, it follows that the area of discharge from the carbureting chamber must be made to vary directly as the area of opening of the outlet, according as such outlet opening is varied by the throttle valve. F urthermore. in order to roduce the required economical result, it is necessary that this change of area of the dis charge opening from the carbureting chamber be effected automatically, and be governed by the rate of How of Huid through the opening of the outlet. This is true for the reason that inasmuch as the operator is l vanism embodying my invention, the disclosed means, however, constituting lrut one of various mechanical'forms in Which the principle of the invention may be applied.

In said annexed drawings: Figure l is a plan of a carbureter embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical axial section taken upon the plane indicated by line II-II in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective of one of the valves controlling the admission of air into one set of carbureting chambers. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken upon the plane indicated by line IV-IV in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical axial section taken uponl the plane indicated by line V-V, Fig. 1.

The casing of the carbureter embodying my invention comprises a main or body portion A, a cap B, and `an intermediate portion C. The portion A forms a receptacle for the gasolene, open at the top, and having an opening a at the middle of the bottom to which is connected a drain pipe a',

4controlled by .a valve (not shown), by

means`of which the contents of the receptacle may be withdrawn, as will be readily understood. A projecting portion A of the part A forms a side chamber, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in which is located the needle valve A2. This needle valve controls the usual inlet opening a2, through which the gasolene is introduced in the receptacle. The upper end of the chamber A is closed by means of a screw plug a3 provided with a central vertical bore a, through which the upper end of the needle valve A2 projects, and through which such upper end may readily move. This needle valve is controlled in the usual manner by means of a suitable float D, and a lever E, actuated by such float.

The lower part of the body portion A is formed with two lateral extensions A3 A3, Figs. 2 and 4, and in each of the upper walls thereof are provided a plurality of threaded openings a5, these openings being `three in number on each side, in the device illustrated. Into each such opening is screwed an upwardly projecting fuel nozzle F. The intermediate portion C of the casing is provided with a plurality of carbureting chambers C', corresponding in number with the number of nozzles F, these chambers being provided with lower air inlet openings c c, through which the nozzles project, as shown. Each chamber is furthermore provided with a second air inlet opening c', located at a point above the point of discharge from its respective nozzle, The three openings c on one side communicate with the cylindrical bore c2, and the three on the opposite side communicate with a similar cylindrical bore, the axes of these bores being horizontal, and the p bores themselves being formed in a suitable integral extension of the casing, as shown. In each of lthese bores is located a tubular valve G, each such valve having its two ends open, and being provided in its shell with openings g, which are adapted to register with the openings c. These valves lit rather tightly in the bores, but lare capable of being manually turned about their respective axes, pins g being provided for this purpose, which pass through a projecting portion of the valve, as shown in Fig. 4. The opposite ends of these valves also project from the casing and split pins g2 g2 pass through 'these latterprojecting ends, such pins and the pins' g retaining the valve in place, as will be readily understood.

The upper or discharging ends of each.

carbureting chamber C, with the exception of one, is normally closed by a puppet valve H, the one exce tion being the middle one of the left han group of three. Any one of the chambers, however, may be made the exception, as will further appear. These valves eachconsist of a main or body portion h and a stem h. The body portions 71. vary in thickness and therefore in weight, and the stems extend upwardly into cylindrical recesses or guide-ways b, forming an integral part of the upper portion or cap B of the casing.Y` The upper ends of these guide-ways are provided with small openings b, through which air may be discharged from the space above the upper ends of the valve stems, so as to allow these valves to be readily moved in their guideways, as will vbe understood.

The cap B rests upon the intermediate casing portlon C, the latter resting upon the main or body portion A, suitable screws a securing the cap to the main or body p0rtion A, and thereby securing the intermediate portion between them. The cap B forms a chamber J, in which the valves H are located,'and into which each of the carbureting chambers discharges. A hollow boss B projects upwardly from the middle of the cap, and forms an outlet b2. The opening in this outlet is controlled by a manually operable throttle valve K, by means of which such opening may be increased or diminished, as will be readily understood.

AThe areas of the openings c of the carbureting chambers and of the discharge openings of the nozzles, are designed to produce the required velocities of air and fuel discharged, so as to produce a mixture of the desired richness. The character of this mixture may be varied by adjusting theyalves G so as to increase or decrease the amount of air which is permitted to pass through the openings c from the exterior and above the nozzles. This adjustment is made to suit given conditions under which the engine has been moved to provide-an opening in the voutlet of a given area, the engine is started in the usual manner, and a flow of air and gasolene through the carbureter and into the engine cylinders thereby produced. Assuming now that this opening is of an area such that the iuid pressure in the valve-controlled mixing chambers is such as to permit all of the valves to remain in their normal. closing positions, a supply of explosive mixture is permitted to 'enter the chamber J from the one carbureting chamber which is not valve-controlled, and the engine continues to operate with a mixture of a substantially constant character, the flow of the mixture being determined bythe diiference in pressure upon the opposite sides of the throttle valve K. In case it is now desired to increase the speed or power of the engine, .the throttle valve is opened still wider, and a A amasar ueater'ainount of fluid'is therebycaused to w past such valve'. If the additional carburetmg chambers were notvprovided, such increased' ow"would cause Aan 'increase of velocity oflthe air through thev one open carest of the valves la, immediately opens, and

the area o'f 4dischar e'of explosive mixture into the chamber J 1s increased bythe area of the discharge opening of the carbureting chamber souncovered. The velocity of movement of the-explosive mixture is thereforeche'ched, and the character of the mixture thus -maintained substantially constant. Further opening movement of the throttle valve 4produces a result similar to that just described, and lone after the other of the valves, beginning with the lightest, opens to bring successive carbureting chambers into active operation, thus at all times substantially maintaining a supply of explosive mixture of a constant character'to the en gine cylinders.

It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the increase or decrease of the engines speed caused by a decrease or increase of the load under which such engine is operating, will cause the carburetor to act in a manner similar to that above described.

\B By providing the guide-ways b in the cap open to communication with the atmosphere and also opening the ends of the valve stems to such communication, it will be notedv that the eii'ectivev area of the upper surface of each valve is very materially reduced and the difference in pressure which is exerted"l 'upon the upper and lower surfaces 'if said valves is therefore materially in creased. This permits me to make the valve comparatively light in weight and in consequence rendersl it verymuch more sensitive to such difference in rpressure and allows it to be more easily actuated than would be the case were this feature of the construction omitted.

Having fully described my invention, what Iclaim and desire to secure b'y Letters Patent is l. In a carburetor, the combination of a i casing provided with a plurality of carbureting chambers; -a common chamber into which each of said carbureting chambers discharges; .an outlet from said common chamber; a throttle valve adapted to control the opening in said outlet; guide-Ways formed in the. casing opposite said carbureting chambers and communicating with the atmosphere; and a plurality of independently mounted valves each adapted to control the discharge from one of said carbureting chambers, said valves bein `provided with stems respectively -nrojecting into said'guide4ways. I

2f I-'n a carburetor, the combination of a mixing-'ohamber; a plurality of guide-ways each of 'which' communicates with the at` mosphere and with said mixing chamber; a plurality of"carbureting chambers opposite said 4 guide-ways and communicating with said mixing chamber; a plurality of independently mounted valves of varying weights each of which is provided with a valve-stem projecting into one of said guide- Ways, each of said valves being adapted to control the discharge from its respectivechamber intosaid mixing chamber.

3'. I-n a carbureter, the combination with a reservoir for lholding the gasolene, a mixing chamber arranged above said reservoir and separated therefrom; a series of carbureting chambers communicating -at their upper ends with said mixing chamber and at their lower ends with the `outside air; nozzles j mounted on said reservoir and extending up into said carbureting chambers; the top wall of said mixing chamber being provided with openings in alinement with the openingsfrom the mixing chamber into the carbureting chambers; a series of valves of varying Weights in said mixing chamber and arranged so as to vclose the openings between the latter and the carbureting chambers; each of said valves beingf provided with a valve stem which extends up into the adjacent opening of said mixing chamber.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of a reservoir for holding the gasolene; a mixing chamber arranged above said reservoir and separated therefrom; a series of carbureting chambers communicating at their upper ends with said mixing'chamber and at their lower ends with the outside air'; anozzles mounted on said reservoir and extending up into said carbureting chambers; a series of valves of varying weightsarranged in said mixing chamber so as to close the openings 'between the mixing chamber and the carburetng chambers, each of said valves being provided with a valve stem; and means in the upper wall of said mixing chamber `for guiding said stems.

5. In a carburetor, the combination of a reservoir, for holding the gasolene; a mixing chamber arranged above said reservoir and separated therefrom; a series of carbureting chambers communicating at their upper ends with said mixing chamber and at their lower ends with the outside air; nozzles mounted on said reservoir and extending up into said carbureting chambers; and a series of valves of varying Weights arranged in said mixing chamber so as to close the open-V carbureting chambers, each of said valves v being provided with a valve stem; the upper Wall of said mixing chamber being provided with guide-Ways adapted to receive said stems and in which the latter are adapted to slide, each of said guide-Ways being closed and vprovided with an opening of an area reduced as compared with the area of the stem, each such opening communicating with the atmosphere.

. 6. In a carbureter, the combination of a main casing port-ion, formed with a fuel reservoir and open at the top; an intermediate casing portion resting upon said main casing portion, closing the top of the latter, and provided with a plurality of carbureting chambers; a cap casing portion resting upon said intermediate casing portion, and provided With an outlet opening; means for Securing said three casing portions to each other; a plurality of fuel nozzles connected with said reservoir, and project-ing into said carbureting chambers; a plurality of valves controlling the discharge from said carbureting chambers; and a throttle valve controlling said outlet opening.

7 In a carbureter, the combination of a main casing portion forming a fuel reservoir open at t e top; an intermediate casing portion resting upon said main casing portion, closing said reservoir, and provided with a plurality of vertical carbureting chambers; a cap casing portion resting upon said intermediate casing portion, forming a common chamber into which said carbureting chambers discharge, and provided with an outlet opening; a plurality of vertical fuel nozzles respectively projecting into said carbureting chambers; a plurality of valves controlling the discharge from said carbureting chambers; a throttle valve cont-rolling said outlet opening; said carbureting cham'- bers provided With auxiliary air inlet openings; valves for controlling such additional air inlet openings; and means for securing said three casing portions to each other.

8. In a carbureter, the combination of a main casing portion forming a fuel reservoir open at the top; an intermediate casing portion resting upon said main portion, closing said reservoir, and provided with a plurality of Vertical carbureting chambers, each having a lateral air inlet opening in its side; a cap casing portion resting upon said intermediate casing portion, forming a conimon chamber into which each of saidcarbureting chambers discharges, and with an outlet opening; a plurality of vertical fuel nozzles communicating with said reservoir,

A and projecting respectively into said carbureting chambers through lthe lower air inlet openings thereof; valves for controlling said lateral air inlet openings; a pluralit of valves in said common c amber contro ling the discharge-into the latter from said carbureting chambers; a throttle valve in said outlet opening; and means for securing the said three casing portions to each other.

9. In a carbureter, the combination of a main casing portion forming aV fuel reservoir; an intermediate casing portion resting upon said main casing portion, closing said reservoir, and formed With a plurality of vertical tubular carbureting chambers, each such mixing chamber having a lower air inlet opening and an upper discharge opening, together With a lateral auxiliary air inlet opening; a plurality of fuel nozzles connected With such reservoir, and projecting repectively into said mixlng chambers through the lower air inlet openings thereof; valves for controlling saidlateral auxiliary air inlets; a cap casing portion resting upon said intermediate casing portion, forming a common chamber into which said carbureting chambers discharge, and with an outlet opening; a plurality of valves independently mounted in said common chamber, and controlling the discharge into the latter from lsaid carbureting chambers; means for securing said three casing portions to each other; and a throttle valve in said cap outlet opening.

l0. In a carbureter, a casing comprising the combination of a main or body portion forming a fuel reservoir; an intermediate portion formed with carbureting chambers, resting upon said main portion, and closing the top of said reservoir; a cap portion resting upon said intermediate portion, and provided with an outlet; and means for securing said three casing portions to each other.

Signed by me this 17 th day of November, 1909.

R. E. KRAUSE. Attested by VVINLFRED WALTz, HERMAN EISELIN. 

